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The Kingdom of Singapura (Malay: ''Kerajaan Singapura'') was a historical Malay kingdom that existed on the island of Singapore from 1299 until its fall in 1398. Conventional historical view marks circa 1299 as the founding year of the kingdom by Seri Teri Buana, whose father is Sang Sapurba, the common great ancestor of most of the Malay monarchies in the Malay World. He claimed to be a descendant of Alexander the Great. In the 14th century, the settlement developed concurrently with the Pax Mongolica era and rose from a small Srivijayan trading outpost into a centre of international trade with strong ties with Yuan Dynasty. Its wealth and success however, alarmed two regional powers at that time, Ayuthaya from the north and Majapahit from the south. As a result, the kingdom's fortified capital was attacked by at least two major foreign invasions before it was finally sacked by Majapahit in 1398. The last king, Iskandar Shah fled to the west coast of Malay Peninsula to establish Melaka Sultanate in 1400. ==Founding== Singapura was known as Temasek before the arrival of Seri Teri Buana. It means 'Sea Town' in Old Javanese. Legend has it that Seri Teri Buana and his men was on an exploration around the Malay Archipelago when they spotted an island with white sandy beach from a high point in Tanjong Bemban, Bintan. They set sail for the island, enduring rough storms, before finally landing at the beaches of Telok Blangah and went inland to hunt for wild animals. Suddenly, he saw a strange animal with an orange body, black head and a white neck breast. It was a fine-looking animal and moved with great speed as it disappeared into the jungle. He asked his chief minister, Demang Lebar Daun, what animal it was, and was told that it probably was a lion. Seri Teri Buana was pleased with this as he believed it to be a good omen—a sign of good fortune coming his way. Thus, he decided to build his new kingdom in Temasek. He named the kingdom "Singapura". "Singa" meaning lion and "Pura" meaning city in Malay. The name thus means the "Lion City". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kingdom of Singapura」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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